Ingahamba ibanga elingakanani inqola yegalofu?Umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu kubadlali begalofu, abanikazi bezindawo zokungcebeleka, abahleli bemicimbi, kanye nalabo abathembele ezinqoleni zegalofu ukuze bahambe ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene. Ukuqonda ububanzi benqola yegalofu kubalulekile ekukhuliseni ukusetshenziswa kwayo nokusebenza kahle, njengoba ibanga elingakhona. ukuhamba kuncike ezintweni ezifana nohlobo lwekalishi, umthamo webhethri, nendawo.Izinqola zegalofu zishintshile ekubeni amathuluzi nje okuthutha abadlali begalofu endaweni ethile ukuya ezimotweni ezihlukahlukene ezisetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza, kusukela kwezohwebo nezimboni kuya kwezokuthutha zomuntu siqu. .Njengoba ukusetshenziswa kwezinqola zegalofu kwanda, siyanda nesidingo sokuqonda amakhono azo ezinhlobonhlobo ezimeni ezahlukene.
Uma uhlola ibanga lokuhamba lezinqola zegalofu, kubalulekile ukucabangela izici ezihlukahlukene.Uhlobo lwekalishi, ubuchwepheshe bebhethri, indawo, kanye nokunakekelwa konke kudlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukuthi inqola yegalofu ingahamba ibanga elingakanani ngokushajwa okukodwa.Ake singene sijule kulezi zici ukuze sithole ukuqonda okuphelele kwebanga lohambo lwenqola yegalofu.
Ubuchwepheshe Bebhethri namandla
Uhlobo nomthamo wamabhethri afakwe enqoleni yegalofu kuba nomthelela omkhulu kububanzi bayo bokuhamba.I-lead-acid, i-lithium-ion, nobunye ubuchwepheshe bebhethri obuthuthukisiwe buvame ukusetshenziselwa ukunika amandla amakalishi egalofu, ngayinye inesethi yayo yezinzuzo nokulinganiselwa.
Amabhethri e-lead-acid abe yinketho evamile yokunika amandla amakalishi egalufu.Nakuba lawa mabhethri ethengeka, ukuminyana kwawo kwamandla kanye neminyaka yokuphila kuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nobuchwepheshe obusha.Lokhu kungase kubangele amabanga okuhamba ancishisiwe ngenkokhiso eyodwa, okwenza izinqola ezine-asidi esebenza ngebhethri zilungele uhambo olufushane.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amabhethri e-lithium-ion anikeza ukuminyana kwamandla okuphezulu nokuphila okude.Izinqola zegalofu ezifakwe amabhethri e-lithium-ion ngokuvamile zingakwazi ukumboza amabanga amakhudlwana ngaphambi kokudinga ukushajwa, okwenza ubuchwepheshe be-lithium-ion kube ukukhetha okuthandwayo kubakhiqizi nabanikazi abahlose ukunwetshwa kohambo kanye nokusebenza kahle okuthuthukisiwe..
Umthamo webhethri, ukalwa ngama-kilowatt-amahora (kWh), nawo uyisici esibalulekile ekunqumeni ibanga lokuhamba lenqola yegalofu.Izinqola zegalofu ezinamandla amakhulu ebhethri zingahamba amabanga amade ngokushajwa okukodwa uma kuqhathaniswa nalawo anamandla aphansi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa okusha kubuchwepheshe bebhethri, njengokushaja okusheshayo kanye nokuminyana kwamandla okuthuthukisiwe, ngokuqhubekayo kuthuthukisa uhla lokuhamba lwezinqola zegalofu, okuqhubeka kube negalelo ekusebenzeni kahle kwazo kanye nokusebenziseka kwazo.
Ngokungeziwe kubuchwepheshe bebhethri namandla, izici zemvelo kanye nesimo sezwe kuthonya kakhulu uhla lokuhamba lwekalishi yegalofu.Izimo zemvelo ezifana nezinga lokushisa, umswakama, nokuphakama kungathinta ukusebenza nokusebenza kahle kwamabhethri, kugcine kuthinte ibanga lenqola.
Izinga lokushisa, ikakhulukazi, lidlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ububanzi bekalishi legalofu.Amazinga okushisa abanda kakhulu noma ashisayo angaholela ekwehleni kokusebenza kwebhethri, okuholela ekwehleni kwamabanga okuhamba.Ukuphathwa kahle kwebhethri nezinhlelo zokulawula izinga lokushisa kungasiza ukunciphisa le miphumela, okuvumela izinqola zegalofu ukuthi zigcine ukusebenza kahle kuzo zonke izimo zemvelo ezihlukahlukene.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo okusebenza kuyo inqola yegalofu idlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ibanga layo lokuhamba.Izindawo ezibushelelezi neziyisicaba zivumela ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngendlela esebenza kahle, okwenza izinqola zegalofu zikwazi ukuhamba amabanga amade ngeshaji eyodwa.Ngokuphambene, indawo emagebhugebhu noma enamagquma ingabeka izimfuno eziphezulu ku-powertrain yenqola, okuholela kumabanga okuhamba amafushane.Kubalulekile kubasebenzisi bezinqola zegalofu ukuthi bacabangele indawo abazoyizulazula futhi bakhethe izinqola ezinezici ezifanele namandla ukuze zihlangabezane nezimfuneko zabo zebanga elithile.
Uhlobo lwenqola yegalofu luphinde lube nomthelela kububanzi bayo bokuhamba.Izinqola zegalofu zendabuko ezidizayinelwe ukusetshenziswa ezinkundleni zegalofu ngokuvamile zilungiselelwa uhambo olude, ngokugxila ekulawuleni nasekusebenzeni kahle ngaphakathi kwemingcele yesakhiwo sesifundo.Lawa makalishi ayifanele kahle injongo yawo kodwa angeke alungiselelwe ukuhamba ibanga elide ezindaweni ezihlukene.
Ngokuphambene, izinqola zegalofu ezisetshenziswayo nezezokungcebeleka zenzelwe ukuthwala amabanga amade okuhamba kanye nezimo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene.Lawa makalishi ngokuvamile afaka amasistimu ebhethri athuthukisiwe, ukwakhiwa okuhlala isikhathi eside, nezitimela ezinamandla ezithuthukisiwe ukuze zisekele amabanga okuhamba anwetshiwe.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi okokuthengisa, ukuphathwa kwemicimbi, noma okokuthutha komuntu siqu, ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele lwekalishi yegalofu kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe ibanga lohambo olufiselekayo nokusebenza.
Ukunakekela kanye Nokugcina Okuvamile
Ukugcina inqola yegalofu isesimweni esifanele kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ububanzi bayo bokuhamba.Ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile, okuhlanganisa ukunakekelwa kwebhethri, ukuhlolwa komfutho wesondo, nokuhlolwa kwesistimu kagesi, kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni nokusebenza kwenqola yegalofu.Ukugcinwa ngendlela efanele kusiza ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla, ukuthuthukisa ukulethwa kwamandla, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi inqola ingakwazi ukufeza ubukhulu bayo bebanga lokuhamba.
Ingqalasizinda yokushaja nayo idlala indima ebalulekile ekusekeleni uhla lokuhamba lwezinqola zegalofu.Ukufinyelela eziteshini zokushaja ezinokwethenjelwa nengqalasizinda kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi amakalishi angashajwa futhi njengoba kudingeka, okubenza bakwazi ukuhamba amabanga amade ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokuphelelwa ugesi phakathi nohambo.
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuthuthuka, ibanga lokuhamba ngenqola yegalofu kulindeleke ukuthi likhule nakakhulu.Ukuqamba okusha kubuchwepheshe bebhethri, amasistimu okuphatha amandla, kanye nomklamo we-powertrain uqhubeka nokuphusha imingcele yalokho okungafinyelelwa yikalishi yegalofu mayelana nebanga lokuhamba nokusebenza kahle.
Sengiphetha, uhla lokuhamba lwekalishi yegalofu luthonywa inhlanganisela yezinto, okuhlanganisaubuchwepheshe bebhethri, umthamo, izimo zemvelo, indawo, uhlobo lwekalishi, nezinqubo zokunakekela.Ukuqonda nokwenza kahle lezi zici kubalulekile ukuze kukhuliswe ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza kwezinqola zegalofu kuzo zonke izimo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene.Njengoba isidingo sezinqola zegalofu ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene sikhula, ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nemiklamo kuzothuthukisa uhla lwazo lokuhamba, kuzenze zibe nezixazululo ezihlukahlukene kakhulu futhi ezibalulekile zezokuthutha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-09-2024